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\begin{document}

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\section*{Topographical maps}

[[!redirects Topographic maps]] Topographical maps are a critical tool for [[Geology field study]]. Topographical maps are based on topographical surveys. At the same time, the process of terrain cartography is grounded in topographic map analysis. Performed at large scales, these surveys are called topographical in the old sense of Topography, showing a variety of elevations and landforms.2 It is possible to get a broad and a general idea about the kind of the rocksfrom the geomorphological features (like the hills, the valleys etc.).

A topographic map is a two-dimensional representation of a three-dimensional land surface. Topographic maps are differentiated from other maps in that they show both the horizontal and vertical positions of the terrain. Through a combination of contour lines, colors, symbols, labels, and other graphical representations, topographic maps portray the shapes and locations of mountains, forests, rivers, lakes, cities, roads, bridges, and many other natural and man-made features. They also contain valuable reference information for surveyors and map makers, including bench marks, base lines and meridians, and magnetic declinations. Topographic maps are used by civil engineers, environmental managers, and urban planners, as well as by outdoor enthusiasts, emergency services agencies, and historians.



\end{document}